Dr. Pablo Campra
Prof. Dr. Pablo Campra Madrid is a Spanish scientist serving as an Associate University Professor at the University of Almería, Spain, holding a PhD in Chemical Sciences and a Degree in Biological Sciences. His academic background spans agricultural biology, environmental chemistry, and materials analysis. He came to international prominence within alternative and independent research communities through his controversial 2021 technical report asserting the detection of graphene-based nanomaterials — specifically reduced graphene oxide — in samples taken from COVID-19 vaccine vials. His collaboration with the Spanish independent research group La Quinta Columna brought his findings to a wide audience, generating significant debate about the undisclosed contents of emergency-authorised vaccines and the integrity of pharmaceutical regulatory oversight.
Academic Background
Campra holds a PhD in Chemical Sciences and a Degree in Biological Sciences, and has taught at the University of Almería in Spain, where his work has historically focused on areas including environmental biology, agricultural contamination, and the chemical analysis of biological and environmental samples. His expertise in spectroscopic and microscopic analytical methods made him one of the few Spanish academics equipped to conduct the kind of materials analysis later applied to vaccine vials.
Although his pre-2021 academic output was largely confined to agricultural and environmental science, his technical grounding in analytical chemistry — particularly his familiarity with spectroscopic identification methods — gave his vaccine research a methodological rigour that distinguished it from purely observational claims made by other independent researchers. Campra emphasised from the outset that his findings were preliminary and required replication and further peer scrutiny, a caveat that was often omitted when his work was reported in both sympathetic and hostile media.
The Campra Report (2021)
On November 2, 2021, Campra published a technical report titled Detection of Graphene in COVID-19 Vaccines by Micro-Raman Spectroscopy, electronically signed and released on ResearchGate. The report represented the results of a random screening exercise conducted on seven vaccine vials sourced from four manufacturers: Pfizer-BioNTech (four vials), AstraZeneca, Moderna, and Janssen (Johnson & Johnson).
The screening process examined over 110 objects displaying a graphene-like appearance under optical microscopy. Of these, 28 objects were selected as potentially compatible with graphene or graphene-family structures on the basis of both morphological characteristics and initial spectral data. From this subset, 8 objects — designated Group 1 — were found to exhibit Raman spectral signatures in unequivocal correspondence with a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) standard, leading Campra to conclude that these objects could be conclusively identified as graphene oxide. Samples from both Pfizer and AstraZeneca vials contributed to the Group 1 findings.
The remaining 20 objects were designated Group 2 and showed Raman signals compatible with graphene or graphitic structures, though with varying degrees of spectral clarity. Group 2 was further subdivided into subgroups based on the quality and specificity of the spectral data obtained.
A notable observation made across all samples was the presence of a gelatinous hydrogel residue remaining after the samples were dried — a substance not among the declared ingredients of any of the four vaccine products. Campra noted this residue as a point of concern warranting further characterisation.
Crucially, Graphene Oxide was not declared as an ingredient in any of the four manufacturers' emergency use authorisations (EUAs) submitted to regulatory bodies. The presence of any graphene-family material in vaccine vials — if confirmed — would therefore represent an undisclosed component in a regulatory filing, a fact Campra highlighted as raising serious questions about pharmaceutical transparency and regulatory oversight.
The report was electronically signed by Campra and published on ResearchGate as a preliminary scientific communication, with an explicit call for independent replication.
Methodology
Campra's primary analytical technique was micro-Raman spectroscopy — a non-destructive optical method in which a focused laser beam is directed at a sample, causing the molecules present to scatter light at frequencies characteristic of their specific molecular vibrational modes. This scattered light produces a unique spectral "fingerprint" for each molecular structure, enabling precise identification of chemical compounds without requiring the sample to be destroyed or heavily processed.
The instrument used was a JASCO NRS-5100 confocal Raman microscope, calibrated using a silicon standard at 520 cm⁻¹ to ensure spectral accuracy. This confocal configuration allowed Campra to obtain Raman spectra from microscopic and nanoscopic regions of the sample with high spatial resolution, reducing spectral interference from surrounding material.
Spectral Markers for Graphene Structures
Two primary spectral bands were used as diagnostic indicators for graphene-family materials:
- The G-band (approximately 1580–1600 cm⁻¹): arising from the in-plane stretching of carbon–carbon bonds in sp²-hybridised carbon networks, this band is characteristic of all graphitic and graphenic carbon structures.
- The D-band (approximately 1340 cm⁻¹): associated with structural defects or disorder in the graphene lattice; its presence and relative intensity compared to the G-band allows distinction between pristine graphene, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene oxide.
The ratio of D-band to G-band intensity (D/G ratio) is a well-established indicator of the degree of oxidation and structural disorder in graphenic carbon materials, making it a particularly useful diagnostic tool for distinguishing Graphene Oxide from other carbon allotropes.
Campra also noted potential spectral peaks around 1450 cm⁻¹ in some samples — a region potentially assignable to organic compounds in combination with graphene structures. He identified similarities to spectral profiles associated with substances such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), methylacrylamide, and PQT-12 — materials that appear in experimental biomedical graphene formulations described in peer-reviewed scientific literature. The possible presence of such compounds was treated as preliminary and in need of further characterisation.
In parallel with spectroscopic analysis, Campra used optical microscopy to observe the morphological characteristics of structures found in the vaccine samples, photographing objects displaying sheet-like geometries and hexagonal forms consistent with graphene-family nanomaterials.
Key Findings
A summary of the principal findings from the Campra Report:
- Group 1 (8 objects): Raman signals in unequivocal correspondence with the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) standard used for comparison. These objects were conclusively identified by spectral fingerprinting as graphene oxide. Found in samples from Pfizer-BioNTech and AstraZeneca vials.
- Group 2 (20 objects): Raman signals compatible with graphene or graphitic carbon structures, sub-divided into groups according to spectral clarity and specificity.
- Graphene Oxide was not declared as an ingredient in any emergency use authorisation by any of the four manufacturers analysed.
- A gelatinous hydrogel residue was observed in all samples after drying, representing an additional unidentified material.
- Spectral peaks around 1450 cm⁻¹ suggested the possible co-presence of organic compounds combined with graphene structures — including substances such as PVA, methylacrylamide, and PQT-12, which appear in experimental biomedical graphene literature.
- Morphological observations under optical microscopy corroborated the spectroscopic findings, with structures displaying geometries consistent with graphene nanosheets observed across multiple samples.
Significance and Reception
The Campra Report was conducted as an entirely independent study, without institutional funding or formal involvement from any government body, pharmaceutical company, or regulatory agency. This independence was central to Campra's position: he argued that conflicts of interest within institutional research environments made independent analysis by researchers with no financial stake in vaccine products both necessary and appropriate.
Campra explicitly called for independent replication of his findings by other researchers with no conflicts of interest — a standard scientific demand that, he noted, went largely unanswered by institutional laboratories. Critics argued that the absence of formal peer review, questions about sample chain-of-custody, and the possibility of environmental contamination or sample preparation artefacts undermined the findings. Campra addressed some of these objections in supplementary communications, maintaining that the burden of proof should rest with manufacturers to demonstrate full transparency about all materials present in their products.
Within the independent research community, the Campra Report became a foundational reference document. It was cited alongside complementary work by Mik Andersen (the researcher behind Corona2Inspect), whose detailed technical analyses of vaccine vial contents reached broadly consistent conclusions through parallel methodological approaches. Dr. Ana Maria Mihalcea's live blood analysis research, which documented anomalous self-assembling structures in the blood of vaccinated individuals, was also frequently cross-referenced with Campra's findings as part of a broader convergent evidentiary picture.
Ricardo Delgado and La Quinta Columna — the Spanish independent research collective that originally facilitated Campra's analysis — continued to publish and publicise the findings widely, situating them within a larger framework linking Graphene Oxide to observed adverse effects, Self-Assembling Nanostructures in biological samples, and hypotheses about the covert introduction of nanomaterial components via mass vaccination programmes.
For researchers investigating Graphene in Vaccines, the Intra-Body Nano Network, and related topics, the Campra Report remains one of the most technically specific and methodologically grounded documents in the public domain, regardless of the ongoing institutional controversy surrounding its conclusions. Whether read as a preliminary scientific communication awaiting replication or as a suppressed finding of major public health significance, its place in the independent research literature on COVID-19 vaccine contents is well established.
Disclaimer
Campra explicitly stated in his report that the characterisation of graphene-family materials applies only to the specific samples analysed and cannot be generalised to entire vaccine batches or the broader vaccine supply without substantially broader sampling. He further noted that he bears no responsibility for interpretations, conclusions, or claims made by third parties beyond the content of his electronically signed document. This disclaimer was frequently overlooked in both sympathetic and hostile secondary reporting on his work.
Publications and Reports
- Detection of Graphene in COVID-19 Vaccines by Micro-Raman Spectroscopy (November 2, 2021) — electronically signed preliminary technical report; published on ResearchGate;
- Supplementary Raman spectroscopy reports addressing responses from critics (2021–2022)
- Various interviews and presentations conducted with La Quinta Columna and affiliated platforms
