Freemasonry
Freemasonry is a fraternal system of initiatic degrees, ritual instruction, and esoteric philosophy that has operated as one of the world's most widespread and influential secret societies since the founding of the first Grand Lodge in London in 1717. Tracing its claimed origins to the medieval stonemason guilds of Europe, and drawing on Hermetic, Kabbalistic, and Neoplatonic traditions, Freemasonry has counted among its members presidents, prime ministers, military commanders, judges, and financiers across three centuries. For researchers investigating the New World Order, Occult Symbolism, and the coordinating architecture of global elite power, Freemasonry represents one of the most thoroughly documented yet persistently misunderstood institutions in existence.

Origins and History
The conventional historical account traces Freemasonry to the operative stonemason guilds of medieval Europe, organisations of craftsmen who built the great cathedrals and kept trade secrets — architectural techniques, geometric proportions, and the tools of the craft — under oath of secrecy. The transition from operative to speculative Masonry, concerned not with physical stone but with the moral and philosophical "building" of the self and society, is generally placed in the 17th century.
On 24 June 1717, four London lodges met at the Goose and Gridiron Alehouse to form the Premier Grand Lodge of England, marking the beginning of modern organised Freemasonry. Under its first Grand Master, the movement rapidly acquired a published set of constitutions (the Anderson Constitutions, 1723) and began spreading to continental Europe, the Americas, and eventually every inhabited continent.
Some researchers, including Manly P Hall and Albert Pike, argue that the true origins of Freemasonry lie far deeper — in the mystery schools of ancient Egypt, the Pythagorean brotherhoods of Greece, the Knights Templar of the Crusades, and the Rosicrucian movement of the early 17th century. On this view, the 1717 Grand Lodge was not a foundation but a re-emergence and formalisation of a far older initiatic tradition. The presence of demonstrably Egyptian, Solomonic, and Kabbalistic symbolism throughout Masonic ritual is cited as evidence for this continuity.
Structure and Degrees
Blue Lodge
The foundation of Freemasonry is the Blue Lodge (or Craft Lodge), in which three degrees are conferred:
- Entered Apprentice (1st degree) — the candidate is blindfolded, symbolically brought from darkness into light, and introduced to the basic tools and obligations of the craft.
- Fellow Craft (2nd degree) — the candidate advances to study of the liberal arts and sciences, symbolised by the winding staircase and the middle chamber of Solomon's Temple.
- Master Mason (3rd degree) — the central and most dramatic degree, in which the candidate enacts the legend of Hiram Abiff, the architect of Solomon's Temple who is murdered by three ruffians seeking his secrets and subsequently "raised" from a symbolic death. This degree is widely regarded as encoding a resurrection mystery.
Scottish Rite
The Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite extends Masonic degrees from the 4th to the 33rd, administered in bodies called Lodges of Perfection, Chapters of Rose Croix, Councils of Kadosh, and Consistories. The 33rd degree is an honorary rank conferred for exceptional service to Masonry and is the degree most discussed in research into Luciferianism within the order. The Scottish Rite's headquarters in Washington D.C. — the House of the Temple — is a neoclassical structure designed on the proportions of the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus.
York Rite
The York Rite provides an alternative path of higher degrees through the Chapter of Royal Arch, the Council of Cryptic Masons, and the Commandery of Knights Templar — the last of which explicitly invokes the legacy of the medieval military order and requires a profession of Christian faith.
Shriners and Appendant Bodies
The Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine (Shriners International), an appendant body requiring Master Mason status, presents a publicly philanthropic face through its hospitals for children. Researchers note that the adoption of Islamic and Arabic iconography by a predominantly Western fraternal organisation warrants scrutiny as to the symbolic layers being communicated.
Symbols and Ritual

The symbolic vocabulary of Freemasonry is extensive and deliberately layered. Key symbols include:
- The Square and Compasses — the universal emblem of the craft; the square represents morality and earthly conduct, the compasses the boundary of desire and the drawing of circles of perfection. Together they form a symbol researchers connect to the union of matter and spirit, the macrocosm and microcosm.
- The All-Seeing Eye — also known as the Eye of Providence, this symbol appears on Masonic tracing boards, lodge ceilings, and — most famously — on the reverse of the US Great Seal and the one-dollar bill. In Masonic interpretation it represents the eye of the Grand Architect of the Universe watching over the lodge.
- The Letter G — placed at the centre of the Square and Compasses, it is said to stand simultaneously for Geometry (the foundational science of the craft) and God or the Grand Architect. Some researchers link it to the Kabbalistic letter Gimel and its numerological values.
- The Pillars of Boaz and Jachin — the two great pillars of Solomon's Temple, flanking the entrance to every lodge. Their names are Hebrew; their symbolism encompasses duality, polarity, and the gateway between the profane and sacred worlds. They appear repeatedly in Occult Symbolism across multiple traditions.
- The Chequered Floor — the black and white mosaic pavement of the lodge represents the duality of existence: light and darkness, good and evil, life and death.
- The Volume of Sacred Law — an open religious text (usually a Bible in Western lodges, but adaptable to other traditions) is always present on the altar. Its presence signals the claimed universalism of Masonic theology.
- The Apron — the white lambskin apron, said to be "more ancient than the Golden Fleece or Roman Eagle," is the badge of a Mason. Its white colour signifies innocence; its shape encodes numerous geometrical relationships.
The lodge itself is designed as a symbolic cosmos: oriented east-west like a temple, with the Master's chair in the east (the direction of the rising sun), the lodge representing both Solomon's Temple and the world itself as a site of spiritual construction.
Esoteric Doctrine
At the level of the Blue Lodge, Masonry presents itself as a system of moral instruction using the allegory of architecture. But researchers and former high-degree Masons argue that a deeper esoteric curriculum exists, revealed progressively to those who advance through higher degrees.
Manly P Hall, whose encyclopaedic work The Secret Teachings of All Ages remains the most comprehensive survey of Masonic and Hermetic symbolism, argued that Freemasonry is the custodian of an ancient wisdom tradition incorporating Gnosticism, Hermeticism, Neoplatonism, and Kabbalah. He wrote that the true secrets of the craft were never committed to any ritual text, but transmitted through symbol alone to those prepared to receive them.
Albert Pike, Sovereign Grand Commander of the Scottish Rite's Southern Jurisdiction from 1859 to 1891, wrote in Morals and Dogma (1871) that the Blue Lodge degrees are essentially allegorical shells: "The symbols of the wise always become the idols of the ignorant multitude." For Pike, the higher degrees encoded a complete initiatic philosophy rooted in ancient sun worship, Zoroastrianism, and the Kabbalah.
Fritz Springmeier, in his research on elite bloodlines and mind control, situates Masonic esoteric doctrine within a broader Luciferian initiatic current that he argues runs through all the major secret societies of the modern era.
Political Influence
The documented political reach of Freemasonry is extensive:
- Among the American Founding Fathers, confirmed Masons include George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, Paul Revere, John Hancock, and numerous others. Washington was sworn into the presidency with his hand on a Masonic Bible. The layout of Washington D.C. has been extensively analysed for Masonic geometrical symbolism, including the alignment of streets forming a pentagram above the White House.
- The French Revolution was significantly shaped by Masonic lodges, particularly the Grand Orient of France, which served as a network for the philosophes and revolutionary organisers. Researchers including Nesta Webster argued that the Revolution was in large part a Masonic project.
- Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, documented Masonic members have included heads of state across Europe, Latin America, and the Commonwealth; Supreme Court justices; police commissioners; military commanders; and senior intelligence officials. In Britain, concerns about Masonic influence in the judiciary and police were the subject of Parliamentary inquiry in the 1990s.
Connections to the Illuminati
On 1 May 1776, Adam Weishaupt, a Bavarian professor of canon law, founded the Order of the Illuminati with the explicit strategy of infiltrating Freemasonry. By gaining control of Masonic lodges — particularly through the Congress of Wilhelmsbad in 1782, where Weishaupt's associate Baron von Knigge succeeded in merging Illuminist operations with multiple lodges — the Order sought to use the existing Masonic network as a vehicle for its political programme. Researchers argue that while the Bavarian Illuminati was officially suppressed in 1785, its penetration of Masonic infrastructure was never reversed. See Illuminati and An Illuminati Primer.
Albert Pike's alleged 1871 letter to Italian revolutionary Giuseppe Mazzini — describing a plan for three world wars to bring about a Luciferian New World Order — remains one of the most contested documents in conspiracy research. Critics question its provenance; proponents note that its predictions have an uncomfortable degree of accuracy relative to subsequent events. Whatever the letter's authenticity, Pike and Mazzini were demonstrably in correspondence, and both were central figures in Masonic and revolutionary networks of the period.
Higher Degrees and Luciferianism

The most controversial dimension of Freemasonry research concerns the theological content of the higher degrees. Albert Pike wrote in Morals and Dogma:
"Lucifer, the Light-Bearer! Strange and mysterious name to give to the Spirit of Darkness! Lucifer, the Son of the Morning! Is it he who bears the Light, and with its splendors intolerable blinds feeble, sensual, or selfish Souls? Doubt it not!"
Researchers including Jordan Maxwell, Manly P Hall, and Fritz Springmeier interpret this and similar passages as confirmation that at the apex of Masonic initiation, the Grand Architect of the Universe is identified with Lucifer — the light-bringer — rather than the God of conventional religion. The distinction between an exoteric Christianity taught to lower-degree initiates and an esoteric Luciferianism revealed to the 33rd degree is, on this reading, the central secret of the institution.
Defenders of Freemasonry argue that Pike was using Lucifer in the original Latin sense (lux ferre, "light-bearer") as a metaphor for reason and enlightenment, not as a reference to the biblical Satan. Researchers counter that the deliberate use of that specific term, in that specific context, within an institution whose rituals demonstrably involve death and resurrection symbolism, demands more than a linguistic defence.
See also: Luciferianism, Occult Symbolism, The Brotherhood, Techno-Gnosticism.
Rosicrucian and Jesuit Currents
The influence of the Rosicrucian movement on the higher degrees of European Freemasonry is a recurring theme in both Masonic historiography and anti-Masonic polemic. The Rosicrucian manifestos of the early 17th century — the Fama Fraternitatis, Confessio Fraternitatis, and Chymical Wedding of Christian Rosenkreuz — described a hidden fraternity of Christian initiates who combined spiritual transformation with practical knowledge of alchemy, medicine, and the natural world. Researchers argue that this Rosicrucian milieu directly shaped the development of speculative Masonry, particularly in France, Germany, and Scotland, where Masonic high-degree rites absorbed Rosicrucian symbols such as the rose and cross, the pelican, the phoenix, and the alchemical transmutation of the self.
In the 18th century, the Rite of Strict Observance and other Templar-oriented high-degree systems drew explicitly on Rosicrucian cosmology, binding Masonic initiation to a claimed lineage extending through the Knights Templar, the Teutonic Order, and the secret fraternity of Christian Rosenkreuz. The Gold- und Rosenkreuzer (Golden and Rosy Cross) order, active in German-speaking lands, further cross-pollinated Rosicrucian alchemy with Masonic degrees, producing a template that later found expression in the Scottish Rite's 18th degree, the Knight Rose Croix.
Historical anti-Masonic claims frequently depict the Jesuits as a second hidden current within Freemasonry. In the 19th century, Protestant and nationalist critics alleged that the Society of Jesus — founded by Ignatius of Loyola — had infiltrated Masonic lodges in order to reconquer Europe for Rome, or conversely that Masonry had borrowed Jesuit casuistry and graded secrecy as a model for its own operations. Some anti-Masonic tracts claimed a "Jesuit-Masonic" conspiracy behind the French Revolution and later upheavals, arguing that the two institutions, outwardly opposed, shared an ethic of hierarchical obedience, coded communication, and gradual disclosure of doctrine.
Scholarly counter-claims note that no primary-source evidence supports a sustained institutional alliance between the Jesuits and mainstream Freemasonry, and that the Catholic Church's canonical condemnations of Freemasonry — beginning with Pope Clement XII's bull In eminenti apostolatus in 1738 — made formal collaboration doctrinally impossible. Historians of the period argue that the "Jesuit infiltration" narrative was largely a product of 19th-century anti-Catholic and anti-Masonic polemic, and that apparent structural similarities arise from the common organisational logic of initiatory and clerical societies across early modern Europe rather than from direct transmission.
Nevertheless, researchers continue to map the symbolic and structural parallels between Ignatian spiritual exercises and Masonic degree work, and between Rosicrucian alchemical initiation and the higher-degree rituals of the Scottish and York Rites. The question remains an open one in the literature surveyed by this wiki.
Freemasonry and the New World Order
For many researchers, Freemasonry functions as the most visible and broadly accessible tier of a concentric network of elite coordination. On this model, the Blue Lodge and national Grand Lodges provide a vast lateral network of mutual obligation and information-sharing among professionals, officials, and businesspeople — a network of "plausible deniability," since most members at this level know only the exoteric teaching. The higher degrees and appendant bodies narrow upward into smaller, more exclusive groupings with progressively deeper initiatic knowledge and political purpose.
Researchers including David Icke, William 'Bill' Cooper (in Behold a Pale Horse) and the authors of Silent Weapons for Quiet Wars situate Freemasonry within a broader architecture that includes:
- Skull and Bones — Yale's elite senior society, with documented Masonic symbolic parallels
- Knights of Malta — a Catholic chivalric order whose overlap with intelligence communities has been extensively documented
- Bohemian Grove — the annual gathering of Western elite figures in northern California, featuring ritual theatrical performances with explicit esoteric content
- Bilderberg Group — the annual invitational conference of Western financial, political, and media elites
- Round Table Groups — the network of think-tanks (CFR, Chatham House, Trilateral Commission) that shapes Anglo-American foreign policy
The thesis, stated plainly: Freemasonry provides the structural backbone — the oath-bound fraternal loyalty, the recognition signals, the shared symbolic language — through which members of the global elite coordinate action across national, religious, and party-political boundaries.
Criticism and Defence
Mainstream defenders of Freemasonry emphasise its philanthropic activities, its historical role in promoting religious tolerance and rational governance during the Enlightenment, and its millions of ordinary members who attend lodge meetings, raise money for charities, and have no knowledge of or interest in esoteric philosophy or elite networking. Grand Lodges routinely publish their constitutions and membership records, and argue that an organisation with secrets worth hiding would hardly advertise itself with roadside signs.
Researchers offer several counter-arguments:
- The most meaningful secrets of any initiatic system are never written down; secrecy operates through ritual, symbol, and private social bonds rather than classified documents.
- Documented cases of Masonic influence in judicial systems, police forces, and government departments in the UK, Italy (notably the P2 lodge scandal), and elsewhere demonstrate that the fraternal loyalty engendered by the institution has real-world consequences independent of individual members' intentions.
- The Italian Propaganda Due (P2) lodge, exposed in 1981, included among its membership the heads of all three Italian intelligence services, senior military commanders, cabinet ministers, and media proprietors. Its master, Licio Gelli, had a documented plan — the "Piano di Rinascita Democratica" — for restructuring Italian democracy. This is not a matter of theory; it is a matter of parliamentary record.
- The graded, compartmentalised structure of Masonic initiation is precisely the structure most suited to concealing an inner doctrine from the majority of members while transmitting it to a select few.
See Also
- Freemasons
- Illuminati
- An Illuminati Primer
- Manly P Hall
- Albert Pike (link as referenced)
- Luciferianism
- Occult Symbolism
- The Brotherhood
- Bohemian Grove
- Bilderberg Group
- Skull and Bones (see Bloodlines of the Illuminati)
- Knights of Malta
- Round Table Groups
- Eye of Providence
- Jordan Maxwell
- Fritz Springmeier
- Gnosticism
- Techno-Gnosticism
- New World Order
- Secret Societies
- William 'Bill' Cooper
- Silent Weapons for Quiet Wars
- Mystery Schools
- Rosicrucians
- Jesuits
- Christian Rosenkreuz
- Ignatius of Loyola
- Proofs of a Conspiracy Against All the Religions and Governments of Europe